Folate (folic acid) is a B vitamin that is essential for DNA synthesis, red blood cell formation, and proper cell division. This test measures folate levels in the blood to evaluate nutritional status and diagnose deficiency. Folate deficiency can cause megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large, immature red blood cells, as well as neurological symptoms. Low folate levels are common in individuals with poor dietary intake, malabsorption disorders, alcoholism, or those taking certain medications like phenytoin. Folate is particularly important during pregnancy as deficiency can lead to neural tube defects in the developing fetus. This test is commonly ordered when evaluating patients with anemia, neurological symptoms, or when monitoring nutritional status. Early detection and treatment of folate deficiency can prevent serious complications and improve overall health outcomes.